Natural and Synthetic Cannabinoids Treat Glaucoma

Glaucoma – WikiMedia Commons image

A recent review on the applications of cannabinoids for the treatment of Glaucoma suggests that some of these compounds may be “ideal drugs” to manage this disease. The authors call for additional studies that could examine the safety and effectiveness in order to integrate these cannabinoid compounds into daily, clinical use.

Abstract:  Cannabinoid applications in glaucoma.

[Article in English, Spanish]

Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Grupo de Oftalmo-Biología Experimental (GOBE), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Vizcaya, España.

Introduction

Glaucoma is a slowly progressive optic neuropathy that is one of the leading causes of legal blindness throughout the world. Currently there is a limited group of topical drugs for the medical treatment of glaucoma is currently limited, and research needs to be focused on new therapeutic horizons, such as the potential usefulness of the cannabinoid agonists for the treatment of glaucoma.

Aim

To review the current scientific literature related to the beneficial effects derived from the different ways of administration of cannabinoids indicated for the glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

Development

Cannabinoid receptors have shown an intense expression in ocular tissues implicated in the regulation of the intraocular pressure, as well as inner layers of the retina. Through activation of CB1 and CB1 specific receptors and through other still unknown pathways, the cannabinoid agonists have shown both a clear hypotensive, as well as an experimentally proved neuroprotective effect on retinal ganglion cells.

Conclusions

Some cannabinoid agonists (WIN 55212-2, anandamide) have demonstrated, in experimental studies, to act as «ideal drugs» in the management of glaucoma, as they have been shown to have good tolerability after topical application, efficiently reduce intraocular pressure, and behave as neuroprotectors on retinal ganglion cells.

Further studies as regards the safety and clinical assays must be carried out in order to examine the effectiveness of these drugs for the treatment of glaucoma in our daily clinical practice.

Read more

New Jersey medical marijuana supply safe after Superstorm Sandy

Medical cannabis growing at Oaksterdam via Chris Goldstein

11/2/2012 – John O’Brien, the director New Jersey’s Medicinal Marijuana Program (MMP), reported today that the state’s only cannabis provider was unaffected by Hurricane Sandy.  Greenleaf Compassion Center is the single, fully permitted Alternative Treatment Center. They operate a dispensary in Montclair, NJ and a growing facility at an undisclosed Northern New Jersey location.

O’Brien said via email this morning: “The Greenleaf cultivation facility didn’t miss a beat, no loss of power.  Their harvested product is good and the new cultivation is doing well.  Mr. Stevens [Greenleaf CEO] and company have assembled a secure and sustainable facility.  He deserves a lot of credit for his planning and forethought.”

Concern has turned to relief among registered and potentially qualifying NJ patients who wondered if the historic storm could have an impact on the nascent program.

Patients have started to receive their identification cards from the NJ Department of Health (DOH). Still, prior to the storm Greenleaf ATC had not started serving patients just yet.

O’Brien did not give a time-frame but said, “We continue to work with Joe towards an opening date.”

Advocates at The Coalition for Medical Marijuana New Jersey (CMMNJ) point out that severe weather is just one of the reasons why more medical cannabis ATCs must be opened in different regions of the state. NJ is the first state to pass a compassionate use law that does not include provisions for home cultivation by patients or caregivers. Governor Chris Christie and NJDOH regulators have also refused to allow the ATCs to deliver cannabis to homes; a common practice with pharmaceutical medication.

At the moment, any registered NJ medical marijuana patient or their registered caregiver must travel to Greenleaf ATC to purchase cannabis that is legal under the law. Montclair is in northern New Jersey, just outside New York City. Although the area is easily accessible via roads and public transit, MMP participants in southern NJ (such as Cape May County) face a 10-hour round-trip journey, under the best conditions.

NJ MMP website: http://www.state.nj.us/health/medicalmarijuana/index.shtml

Chris Goldstein is a respected marijuana reform advocate. As a writer and radio broadcaster he has been covering cannabis news for over a decade. Questions?  [email protected]

NBA star hopes for medical marijuana business in RI

The Providence Journal reported today that Cuttino Mobley, a Philadelphia native who has played for the Houston Rockets and New York Knicks, is hoping to open a medical marijuana dispensary in Rhode Island.

“You get it after a while,” Mobley said. “You know what you’re supposed to do.”

One of the things he wants to do now is start a wellness center in Warwick, one that will be allowed to dispense medical marijuana. He says he got interested in the field of wellness both through his own medical condition and those of other people close to him, and adds that the health field is one of the fastest growing in the country. Read full article at projo.com

Rhode Island is looking to license medical marijuana supply facilities.

Right now qualified patients or their caregivers must cultivate the cannabis on their own. Rhode Island does allow of collective gardens to be formed to help assure safe access.

Entrepreneurs, green with envy over the West Coast, are casting an emerald gaze at the domestic cannabis industry opening up back East.

Last year fifteen groups endured an intense application process in Rhode Island only to have them all be denied by the state.

This week, after a second round of applications, RI  again delayed the announcement if anyone will get a dispensary permit this year.

Cuttino Mobley was forced to leave his promising career in the NBA after doctors discovered that he has an enlarged heart.

The interview in The Providence Journal hints that Mobley is taking the right attitude into a business that needs to serve sick and dying residents.

It is refreshing to see a sports celebrity’s business venture be something more altruistic than a clothing line or body spray!

More information: http://ripatients.org

Chris Goldstein is a respected marijuana reform advocate. As a writer and radio broadcaster he has been covering cannabis news for over a decade.  He volunteers with local groups to change prohibition laws including PhillyNORML and The Coalition for Medical Marijuana New Jersey. He enjoys old school hip-hop, vintage airplanes and changing the world. Contact chris { at } freedomisgreen.com

New Jersey: Montel Williams and Teaching Hospitals Applied to Grow Medical Marijuana

Montel Williams at the 2011 NORML Conference in Denver – pic by kimsidwell.com

8/5/2011 – There was tough competition in New Jersey to run the first six Alternative Treatment Centers for medical marijuana. Freedomisgreen has now obtained all of the applications through Open Public Records Act requests. The process was the most expensive in the nation. High-rollers were willing to bet $20,000 on each submission.

The winners were announced in March 2011 and their applications were released soon after. But there was little information on the groups who did not make the cut, until now.

Television host Montel Williams applied for a center in North Jersey based out of Somerset.  Williams has since invested on the West Coast and owns a dispensary in Sacramento, CA.

The New Jersey Council of Teaching Hospitals offered a plan that would incorporate fingerprint ID lockboxes and engage some of the state’s top-dollar medical institutions.  They would have used their existing network of doctors and an impressive list of grant funding contacts.

The big names weren’t the only ones looking to spend some significant coin to get into the non-profit marijuana business.

The Farmacy Inc. was a group of South Jersey pharmacists who work mainly at local CVS branches. But their big contact was Ryan Barna, who appears instrumental to their application. Barna is an active board member at the American Pharmacist Association and the NJ Pharmacists Association, two of the more powerful drug distribution lobbying groups…well, ever.

The Institute for Health Research was a group of vitamin enthusiasts and holistic medicine practitioners. They planned to operate from the Abunda Life Center in Asbury Park, a rather well-known entity in the local area.

Some of the NJ applicants looked outside the state for experience. A group of investment bankers, gaming professionals and finance specialists teamed up with a cannabis entrepreneur in Colorado. The NJ Relief Initiative Inc had Oleg Rutman on the board and boasts that he started the largest patient collective in CO. Garden State Medical Marijuana Associates retained expert consultants including Steve D’Angelo the owner of Harborside Health Services and the new reality star of Discovery Network’s “Weed Wars.”

Here are the organization names, name of the executive director and the proposed location(s). Some of these groups won an ATC contract with separate submissions.

Abatin Wellness Center- Montel Williams – Northern NJ, Somerset

Grow Well – Bonnie Johnson – Southern NJ, Egg Harbor

Institute of Health Research – Ralph Fucetola – Central NJ, Asbury Park

New Jersey Healthy Choice – Daniel Kane – Northern NJ, Bayonne

New Jersey Relief Initiative  – Joseph Coffey  – Northern NJ, Moonachie

Alternative Medical Concepts – Christopher Camal – Central NJ, Kenilworth – Northern NJ, Edison, Carlstadt and Clifton – Southern NJ Westville and Pennsauken

Compassion Collective of Camden County – J. Peter Rosenfeld – Southern NJ, Pennsauken

Compassionate Care Foundation  – William Thomas – Southern NJ and Central NJ

Farmacy Inc – Mark Makhinson – Southern NJ, Lumberton

Garden State Alternative Solutions – Hugo Bartell – Northern NJ, Newark

Gold Leaf – Jabrai Golden – Northern NJ, East Brunswick

New Jersey Council of Teaching Hospitals – J. Richard Goldstein MD – Central, NJ and Southern NJ

New Jersey Medicines – Ray Smith – Central NJ, Shrewsbury

Compassionate Care Centers of America – David Weisser – Northern NJ, Secaucus

Compassionate Marijuana Alliance – Ibere Peter Calvo – Northern NJ,  Newark

Patient Wellness Center – Alfred Lombardi – Northern NJ, Paterson

Garden State Medical Marijuana Associates –  Ron Simoncini – Northern NJ, Secaucus

Compassionate Sciences Inc – Richard Taney – Central NJ and Northern NJ

Most of the prospective Garden State cannabis dispensaries had multi-million dollar funding supplied by their Boards of Trustees. But even the groups that had start-up expenses below $350,000 were projecting over $1 million in cannabis sales by the end of their second year.

Freedomisgreen will make the full applications available via Scribd.com over the weekend. The documents were redacted by the NJ Department of Health and Human Services before release.

The six applications that were accepted are online already: http://www.scribd.com/NJcannabisDocs

Chris Goldstein is a respected marijuana reform advocate. As a writer and radio broadcaster he has been covering cannabis news for over a decade. Questions?  [email protected]


New Dr. Oz Video with NJ Medical Marijuana Patient

On March 29th The Dr. Oz Show aired a full-length program discussing medical marijuana that included Montel Williams. But one of the segments that ended up on the cutting room floor featured Sandy Faiola of Asbury Park, New Jersey. Like Montel, Sandy lives with Multiple Sclerosis and uses cannabis to treat her condition. Because the compassionate use law is not yet working in the Garden State she must continue to risk arrest to access her medication. She has testified on many occasions before the state Legislature in Trenton and has appeared in demonstrations for other MS patients. Yesterday Dr. Oz posted the two-part video with Sandy online.

Links are below:

New Jersey Moves To Support Medical Marijuana Bill In US Congress

CMMNJ signs

Medical marijuana press conference in Trenton

5/26/2011 – State Senator Nicholas Scutari (D-Linden) introduced SCR 120 today, a resolution that “Urges the Governor to support and advocate for passage of federal ‘Medical Marijuana Patient Protection Act.’” The move in Trenton comes just one day after the federal legislation was re-introduced in Congress.

The bi-partisan co-sponsors of the federal bill issued a press release on May 25th describing the intent:

The States’ Medical Marijuana Patient Protection Act, authored by Frank and co-sponsored by Stark, Polis and Rohrabacher, would make individuals and entities immune to federal prosecution when acting in compliance with state medical marijuana laws. It would also direct the administration to initiate the process of rescheduling marijuana under the Controlled Substances Act so that it is placed in a schedule other than Schedules I or II.

“The time has come for the federal government to stop preempting states’ medical marijuana laws,” Frank said. “For the federal government to come in and supersede state law is a real mistake for those in pain for whom nothing else seems to work. This bill would block the federal prosecution of those patients who reside in those states that allow medical marijuana”

If passed, the federal legislation would directly benefit New Jersey’s residents who are still waiting for the stalled medical marijuana program to get running. The state is currently waiting for clarification from the US Department of Justice.

SCR 120 has been referred to the Senate Health, Human Services and Senior Citizens Committee.

Individual citizens can support the federal bill by sending emails here.

Chris Goldstein is a respected marijuana reform advocate. As a writer and radio broadcaster he has been covering cannabis news for over a decade. Questions?  [email protected]

New Hampshire: Medical marijuana bill passes key vote

photo by C. David Freitag

Remember that School House Rock segment on how a bill becomes a law? Just put that on repeat. A House committee in New Hampshire approved legislation this week to legalize medical marijuana. This is an important step as bills often need to be heard by several committees before they can pass all-important floor votes.

But New Hampshire had a similar bill run this gauntlet just two years ago. Medical marijuana legislation passed in 2009 only to be vetoed by Governor John Lynch.

The resulting attempt by the General Court to overturn the veto missed by just two votes in the state Senate.

Advocates on the ground were buoyed by the 14-3 vote on the House Health, Human Services and Elderly Affairs Committee who recommended that House Bill 442 be passed on the floor.

Polling shows that public support for medical marijuana in New Hampshire runs above 70%.

New England voters are demonstrating a visible groundswell of support for changing local cannabis laws.  Connecticut: Public backs marijuana reforms

Grassroots information: http://nhcommonsense.org/

New Jersey MS Patient Appeals Marijuana Cultivation to State Supreme Court

Attorney Bill Buckman at the PhillyNORML Freedom Forum 2009

8/16/2011 – Criminal defense attorney William Buckman of Moorestown, NJ has filed an appeal to the state’s highest court for John Ray Wilson. The 38 year old man was convicted on the second-degree felony of “manufacturing” marijuana for growing seventeen cannabis plants.  Last month an appellate court upheld Wilson’s 5-year prison sentence, saying that he could not claim that the plants were for “personal” use.

John Wilson lives without healthcare and battles the symptoms of multiple sclerosis. His conviction in January 2010 came just as the Garden State’s compassionate use law was passed. However, it was the first medical marijuana law in the country that continues to prohibit home cultivation.

In a press release today Buckman said, “New Jersey already has some of the most draconian laws in the nation with respect to marijuana, costing taxpayers outrageous sums to incarcerate nonviolent, otherwise responsible individuals- as well as in this case — the sick and infirm.”

Local cannabis advocates have supported John, demonstrating in front of the Somerset County Courthouse throughout his trial.

Ken Wolski, the Executive Director of the Coalition for Medical Marijuana New Jersey said, “This case has shocked the conscience of the community. Wilson was unable to present his only defense to the jury-that he used cannabis to treat his multiple sclerosis (MS).”

NJ Governor Chris Christie lifted his suspension of the medical marijuana program in July. But the six Alternative Treatment Centers are not likely to open until 2012. The ATCs have millions of dollars in backing from powerful groups of investors.  They will farm thousands of cannabis plants and the sell the products to registered patients, including those with MS.

Wolski pointed out, “These ATCs were not available to John in 2008. Cultivation was the only way that he could afford to gain access. We hope that the Supreme Court will provide justice in this case.”

During his trial, Wilson testified that he told the NJ State Police that he was going to keep all of the marijuana. Wilson also described his medical condition to officers as they searched his home.

Bill Buckman is a member of the national NORML Legal Committee and the immediate past president of the NJ Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers. He is a fierce trial lawyer who won a landmark case against the NJ State Police surrounding the the issue of racial profiling in traffic stops.

“As it stands, the case now allows a person who grows marijuana to be exposed to up to 20 years in jail, even if that marijuana is strictly for his or her own medical use,” said Buckman, “No fair reading of the law would ever sanction this result.”

William Buckman http://www.whbuckman.com

Chris Goldstein is a respected marijuana reform advocate. As a writer and radio broadcaster he has been covering cannabis news for over a decade. Questions?  [email protected]


New Hampshire Medical Marijuana Hearing This Week

New Hampshire MS Patient Ellen McClung

On April 14th New Hampshire’s medical marijuana bill, HB 442, will have a hearing in the Senate at 1:00 pm. The legislation has already been approved by the House Health, Human Services, and Elderly Affairs Committee and passed a vote by the full House (221-96) on March 16th.

Kirk McNeil, the volunteer Executive Director of New Hampshire Compassion (which is a special project under New Hampshire Coalition for Common Sense Marijuana Policy) and had this to say about the upcoming hearing:

“I’m very excited about the senate hearing coming up in just a few days. We have a lot of senate support. One of the concerns that a lot of legislators have previously expressed was that it might have been a backdoor legalization bill, but it’s not. It is very much a medical marijuana bill. The bill focuses on the sickest patients and provides some controls to enable them to not worry.”

To donate to New Hampshire Compassion and the on-going work of its hardworking volunteers, please visit them here.

New Jersey MS Patient Prepares for Medical Marijuana Prison Term

John Wilson (left) stand with supporter Jim Miller in front of the Somerset courthouse in 2010

8/9/2011 – John Ray Wilson is saying goodbye to his family. The 38 year old man lives with multiple sclerosis and without healthcare. Last month an appellate court ruled to uphold his 2010 conviction for “manufacturing” marijuana. He is now living in limbo as a judge considers his bail during a final appeal to the state Supreme Court. John may have to begin serving a 5-year prison sentence any day.

Wilson grew seventeen cannabis plants in the backyard of his Franklin Township home.  This was an effort to treat his condition. His trial in 2009/2010 took place at the same time as the final debates over the compassionate use act in the NJ legislature. Supporters demonstrated in front of the Somerville Courthouse. But the law was too late for John Wilson. 

John was never allowed to mention that he had MS or that he was growing for his own medical necessity. The state threw every heavy book they had at him. They attempted to convict on the first degree felony of “Operating and Maintaining a Controlled Dangerous Substance Manufacturing Facility.” This was a law designed for crack, meth and heroine processing mainly in urban environments.  A first degree felony would carry a mandatory minimum of 15 years in prison.

Multiple sclerosis is one of the few approved conditions under the NJ medical marijuana law. Dr. Denis Petro, a neurologist who testified before the legislature, was ready to offer expert testimony at Wilson’s trial about the unique benefits of cannabis on MS. But Petro and other experts were never allowed.

Medical quality marijuana is expensive on the underground market, $300-$500 per ounce. Home cultivation by medical marijuana patients is allowed in 14 of the 16 states with compassionate use laws. It is certainly a safe and economical way to find relief. Unless a helicopter comes hovering over.

When the NJ State Police Marijuana Eradication Unit arrived at his residence John was up front with officers and detectives. When they were called to the stand, the NJ State Police officers could not recall those conversations in the hours they spent sitting with John at a picnic table in his backyard.

I was in the courtroom the day John took the stand in his own defense. There was significant media attention on the trial from television and newspapers. The jury may have been aware of the reporters or the medical marijuana demonstrators holding signs in front of the courthouse each day. On December 17, 2009 the jury heard MS mentioned officially in the trial for the first time. Here’s my report from that day:

It was honest and sincere; it was the truth. On the stand in his own defense, John Wilson was allowed to tell the jury that he has Multiple Sclerosis.

“I told them I was not a drug dealer and I was using the marijuana to treat my MS.” John had been asked what he said to the State Police officers who arrived to investigate the 17 cannabis plants spotted by helicopter.

It seems Wilson has been truthful with law enforcement authorities about his intentions regarding the medical use of his marijuana from their first contact with him.

NBC 4 in NY was in the courtroom and correctly called the single-sentence event a “Stunning Reversal at Medical Marijuana Trial.” read full

In the end John was convicted on the second-degree felony of “manufacturing marijuana” as well as a third-degree felony for less than gram of psilocybin.

He was taken into custody for five weeks last spring, but was since allowed to remain with his family on bail. His appeal stated that he grew the cannabis for personal use. Under New Jersey law marijuana possession cases can often have the distribution charges removed if the person claims all of the pot was for personal use.

John Wilson stands among supporters signs in front of the courthouse 12/2010

Because of the archaic terminology of “manufacturing” applied to cultivating marijuana, the appellate court ruled there could be no “personal use” defense applied.

The next step is an appeal to the NJ Supreme Court.

NJ Senators Raymond Lesniak and Nicholas Scutari both called on then-Governor Jon Corzine to pardon Wilson but to no avail. A similar petition will be made to Governor Chris Christie.

Like millions of working class Americans the Wilson family is struggling with a variety of serious health care costs.

John’s younger brother Kenny is a developmentally disabled adult bound to a wheelchair.  His grandmother endures the many burdens of aging. Even with the MS, John is still the healthier one and spends his days helping his family.  Working from home on an eBay store with his mom, John tries to make ends meet.

On the other side of his prison sentence Wilson hopes to be part of New Jersey’s medical marijuana program. But he may still face some hurdles. First the program is not yet running. More ominous is the real possibility that if John is granted parole he will face regular, mandatory drug testing. There is no medical marijuana exception to these probation and parole rules.

The approved operators of the first six medical cannabis Alternative Treatment Centers have been given a mandate by Governor Chris Christie to expedite their start-up. With millions of dollars in funding and top-level executives the ATCs are preparing to farm hundreds, even thousands of cannabis plants soon.

John Ray Wilson waits patiently yet has a great pressure on him each day. He is hopeful for the further appeal but has resigned himself to being separated from his family. John has prepared, as best as he can, to serve a prison term for growing the same medicine now regulated by the state.

There is a Facebook support page for John here

More about the John Wilson trial http://www.examiner.com/john-wilson-trial-in-philadelphia

Chris Goldstein is a respected marijuana reform advocate. As a writer and radio broadcaster he has been covering cannabis news for over a decade. Questions?  [email protected]